What does the term 'ileus' refer to?

The term 'ileus' refers specifically to a bowel obstruction, which is a condition where there is a lack of movement in the intestines that prevents the normal passage of contents. This can occur for various reasons, such as blockade due to physical obstruction or loss of peristalsis, the natural muscle contractions that help move food through the digestive tract. When ileus occurs, it can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and a complete cessation of stool or gas passage. Recognizing ileus is crucial for diagnosis and treatment in medical settings, as it can lead to serious complications if not addressed promptly.

The other options do not accurately describe ileus, as they refer to different medical terms and conditions. A portion of the small intestine or an elevated scar are unrelated to the concept of bowel obstruction, and the formation of an infarct pertains to tissue death due to lack of blood supply, which does not connect with the definition of ileus.