What is the definition of an indictment?

An indictment is defined as a formal charge made by a grand jury that officially accuses an individual of committing a crime. This is a crucial part of the judicial process in many legal systems, particularly in the United States, where an indictment is often required for felony charges. The grand jury conducts a review of the evidence presented by the prosecution and determines whether there is sufficient cause to believe that the accused individual committed the alleged offense. If they find this to be true, they issue an indictment, which then serves as the basis for further legal proceedings against the accused.

The other options do not fit the specific legal definition of an indictment. A plea agreement refers to a deal made between a defendant and the prosecution, a document supporting a lawsuit pertains to civil cases and not to criminal charges, and a judicial review of evidence involves a court's assessment of the information presented, but does not constitute a charge against a defendant. This highlights the unique and specific function of an indictment within the legal framework.