What is the purpose of "discovery" in legal proceedings?

The purpose of "discovery" in legal proceedings is to facilitate the exchange of information between the parties involved in a case, allowing each side to uncover facts and evidence known by the opposing party. This process is crucial as it helps to ensure that both sides have access to the same information, thereby promoting transparency and allowing for a fair trial. Discovery can include various methods such as depositions, interrogatories, requests for documents, and requests for admissions, all aimed at gathering facts relevant to the case.

The discovery phase enables lawyers to prepare their cases more thoroughly by understanding the strengths and weaknesses of each side's arguments and evidence. By collecting this information before the trial begins, it can help avoid surprises during the proceedings and can lead to more informed negotiation and settlement options. In essence, discovery is a foundational element of the litigation process that promotes justice by ensuring that all pertinent information is accessible for deliberation and decision-making.