What term describes degenerative changes of the vertebrae?

The term that describes degenerative changes of the vertebrae is spondylosis. Spondylosis refers specifically to the age-related wear and tear of the spinal discs and vertebrae, which can lead to the formation of bone spurs and degenerative changes in the spinal column. It is a common condition, particularly as individuals age, and can contribute to stiffness and pain in the spine.

The other terms listed refer to different conditions: spondylitis is an inflammation of the vertebrae often associated with autoimmune diseases; osteoporosis relates to the weakening of bones, making them more susceptible to fractures; and sciatica is a symptom characterized by pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, generally due to compression or irritation. None of these terms encapsulate the degenerative aspects of the vertebrae as specifically as spondylosis does.